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Spring in Central Texas has been damper than previous years. Recent rains plus the gradual increase in temperatures have spurred rapid growth in backyards across the region. Lawns and gardens are flourishing, but the warmth and humidity have also stimulated mold and fungi growth.
Many gardeners have noticed an increase in mushrooms in the gardens, but also more unusual fungal growth such as gelatinous slime molds. Blobs of black, brown, orange, pink, grey and white mold can appear after periods of wet and humid weather. Slime molds, also sometimes called “Dog Vomit Fungus,” may look unsightly and be cause for concern but they are not harmful to plants, animals or humans.
Slime molds “bloom” from latent spores resting until temperatures and humidity levels are ideal. They typically feed on decaying organic matter but can appear on living plant material. Slime molds are shortlived organisms and typically disappear on their own within a few days to weeks as conditions become less favorable.
Slime molds thrive in damp and shaded conditions. The best way to deal with slime molds in your yard is to maintain a healthy lawn. Regular mowing at the recommended height, maintaining proper irrigation habits and ensuring good drainage will help reduce slime mold in your grass. Trimming back overhanging branches and shrubs will help improve air flow to keep slime mold at bay in your landscape.
Unsightly blobs of slime mold can be physically removed. Simply scoop it up with a shovel and place it in a bag to keep spores from spreading. Mushrooms also appear in unexpected places after wet and humid weather. These also can raise concerns, but they are also generally not harmful in the garden. Microscopic fungi spores can attach to clothing and fur, but also spread through the air. They are dormant until conditions are right, sometime resting for years. As long as temperature and moisture levels are ideal, and a source of food is available, fungi can appear anywhere.
Many bagged compost blends contain mushroom compost, which is leftover growing material from mushroom farms. This is why you may find mushrooms sprouting in containers.
Mushrooms and fungi play an important role in the ecosystem. They break down organic matter such as dead plants, leaves and wood. This decomposition helps release nutrients back into the soil, making them available for other plants to use. Although alarming to some, the presence of mushrooms and fungi such as slime molds are a good indication of healthy soil.
Healthy soil is far more than meets the eye. Soil is alive with microbiology, including fungi and beneficial bacteria that work with plants to sustain a complete ecosystem. Mycorrhizal fungi live in healthy soil and form a symbiotic relationship with plants. Mycorrhiza in the soil works with plant roots. They form stringy strands that enhance a plant’s ability to absorb nutrients, especially phosphorus, which is essential for root development. In return, the plants provide sugars and other carbohydrates to the fungi.
Mushrooms and slime molds are harmless and there is rarely a need to treat your outdoor spaces. Resist the temptation to use chemical fungicide for short-lived organism. Doing so may harm the overall health of your soil and kill essential fungi working with your plants.
With 25 years of backyard gardening experience, Julie is a plant and nature enthusiast. She lives in Taylor and hosts the “Plow & Hose Organic Gardening in Central Texas” podcast and radio show that airs on KBSR, Black Sparrow Radio every Saturday and Sunday at 9 a.m.
